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• Abel, SJ; B.J. Shipway, 2007: A comparison of cloud-resolving model simulations of trade wind cumulus with aircraft observations taken during RICO. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 133(624), 781-781. doi: 10.1002/qj.55


• Anurose, T. J., I. B. Ďurán, J. Schmidli, and A. Seifert, 2019: Understanding the Moisture Variance in Precipitating Shallow Cumulus Convection. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 125, e2019JD031178 doi: 10.1029/2019JD031178.


• Arabas, S. and S.-I. Shima, 2013: Large-Eddy Simulations of Trade Wind Cumuli Using Particle-Based Microphysics with Monte Carlo Coalescence. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 70(9), 2768-2777, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0295.1.


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• Baker B; Mo, QX; Lawson, RP; O'Connor, D; Korolev, A, 2009: The Effects of Precipitation on Cloud Droplet Measurement Devices. J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., 26(7), 1404-1404. doi: 10.1175/2009JTECHA1191.1


• Baker, B, Mo, Q, RP Lawson, D O'Connor and A Korolev, 2009: Drop Size Distributions and the Lack of Small Drops in RICO Rain Shafts. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol., 48(3), 616-616. doi: 10.1175/2008JAMC1934.1


• Blyth, A. M., J. H. Lowenstein, Y. Huang, Z. Cui, S. Davies, and K. S. Carslaw, 2013: The production of warm rain in shallow maritime cumulus clouds. Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 139, 20-31, doi: 10.1002/qj.1972.


• Brenguier, J.-L., F. Burnet, and O. Geoffroy, 2011: Cloud optical thickness and liquid water path - does the k coefficient vary with droplet concentration?, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 9771-9786, doi:10.5194/acp-11-9771-2011.


• Burdanowitz, J., L. Nuijens, B. Stevens, and C. Klepp, 2015: Evaluating Light Rain from Satellite- and Ground-Based Remote Sensing Data over the Subtropical North Atlantic. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 54(3), 556-572, doi: 10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0146.1.


• Chen, SH; Siao, YC, 2010: Evaluation of an Explicit One-Dimensional Time Dependent Tilting Cloud Model: Sensitivity to Relative Humidity. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 88(2), 95-95. doi: 10.2151/jmsj.2010-201


• Colon-Robles, M; Rauber, RM; Jensen, JB, 2006: Influence of low-level wind speed on droplet spectra near cloud base in trade wind cumulus. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33(20). doi: 10.1029/2006GL027487


• Davison et al 2013: A Revised Conceptual Model of the Tropical Marine Boundary Layer. Part I: Statistical Characterization of the Variability Inherent in the Wintertime Trade Wind Regime over the Western Tropical Atlantic. J. Atmos. Sci., 70, 3005–3024


• Davison et al. 2013: A Revised Conceptual Model of the Tropical Marine Boundary Layer. Part II: Detecting Relative Humidity Layers Using Bragg Scattering from S-Band Radar. J. Atmos. Sci., 70, 3025–3046


• Davison et al. 2013: A Revised Conceptual Model of the Tropical Marine Boundary Layer. Part III: Bragg Scattering Layer Statistical Properties. J. Atmos. Sci., 70, 3047–3062


• Derksen, JWB; Roelofs, GJH; Rockmann, T, 2009: Influence of entrainment of CCN on microphysical properties of warm cumulus. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9(16), 6005-6005. doi: 10.5194/acp-9-6005-2009


• Ellis, S. M., & Vivekanandan, J. (2011). Liquid water content estimates using simultaneous S and K a band radar measurements . Radio Science, 46(2), n/a-n/a. doi:10.1029/2010rs004361


• Ellis, S. M., and J. Vivekanandan, 2010: Water vapor estimates using simultaneous dual-wavelength radar observations. Radio Sci., 45, RS5002, doi: 10.1029/2009RS004280.


• Genkova, I., G. Seiz, P. Zuidema, G. Zhao, and L. Di Girolamo, 2007: Cloud Top Height Comparisons from ASTER, MISR, and MODIS for Trade Wind Cumuli , Rem. Sens. Env., 107, pp. 211-222, doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2006.07.021.


• Gerber, H., G. Frick, J.B. Jensen and J.G. Hudson, 2008: Entrainment, Mixing, and Microphysics in Trade-Wind Cumulus, J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, 86A, 87-106, doi: 10.2151/jmsj.86A.87.


• Gioda, A; Mayol-Bracero, OL; Morales-Garcia, F; Collett, J; Decesari, S; Emblico, L; Facchini, MC; Morales-De Jesus, RJ; Mertes, S; Borrmann, S; Walter, S; Schneider, J, 2009: Chemical Composition of Cloud Water in the Puerto Rican Tropical Trade Wind Cumuli. Water Air Soil Pollut., 200(1-4), 3-3. doi: 10.1007/s11270-008-9888-4


• Gioda, A; Mayol-Bracero, OL; Reyes-Rodriguez, GJ; Santos-Figueroa, G; Collett, JL, 2008: Water-soluble organic and nitrogen levels in cloud and rainwater in a background marine environment under influence of different air masses. J. Atmos. Chem., 61(2), 85-85. doi: 10.1007/s10874-009-9125-6


• Heus, T; Pols, CFJ; Jonker, HJJ; Van den Akker, HEA; Lenschow, DH, 2009: Observational validation of the compensating mass flux through the shell around cumulus clouds. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 135(638), 101-101. doi: 10.1002/qj.358


• Huang, HY; Margulis, SA, 2010: Evaluation of a fully coupled large-eddy simulation-land surface model and its diagnosis of land-atmosphere feedbacks. Water Resour. Res., 46. doi: 10.1029/2009WR008232


• Hudson, J. G. and S. Noble, 2014: Low‐altitude summer/winter microphysics, dynamics, and CCN spectra of northeastern Caribbean small cumuli, and comparisons with stratus. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 119, 5445–5463, doi: 10.1002/2013JD021442.


• Hudson, J.G., S. Noble, and V. Jha, 2010: Comparisons of CCN with Supercooled Clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 67, No. 9, 3006-3018, doi: 10.1175/2010JAS3438.1.


• Hudson, James G., and Subhashree Mishra, 2007: Relationships Between CCN and Cloud Microphysics Variations in Clean Maritime Air , Geophys. Res. Lett. , 34 , L16804, doi: 10.1029/2007GL030044.


• Hudson, JG; Noble, S; Jha, V; Mishra, S, 2009: Correlations of small cumuli droplet and drizzle drop concentrations with cloud condensation nuclei concentrations. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 114. doi: 10.1029/2008JD010581


• Jeffery, CA; Reisner, JM; Andrejczuk, M, 2007: Another look at Stochastic condensation for subgrid cloud modeling: Adiabatic evolution and effects. J. Atmos. Sci., 64(11), 3949-3949. doi: 10.1175/2006JAS2147.1


• Jiang, HL; Feingold, G; Sorooshian, A, 2010: Effect of Aerosol on the Susceptibility and Efficiency of Precipitation in Warm Trade Cumulus Clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 67(11), 3525-3525. doi: 10.1175/2010JAS3484.1


• Knight, C. A., Miller, L. J., & Rilling, R. A. (2008). Aspects of Precipitation Development in Trade Wind Cumulus Revealed by Differential Reflectivity at S Band. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 65(8), 2563-2580. doi:10.1175/2007jas2569.1


• Kogan, Y. L., and D. B. Mechem, 2016: A PDF-Based Formulation of Microphysical Variability in Cumulus Congestus Clouds. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 73(1), 167-184, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0129.1.


• Lawson, R. P., D. O'Connor, P. Zmarzly, K. Weaver, B. Baker, Q. Mo, and H. Jonsson, 2006: The 2D-S (Stereo) Probe: Design and Preliminary Tests of a New Airborne, High-Speed, High-Resolution Particle Imaging Probe. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 23, 1462-1477, doi: 10.1175/JTECH1927.1.


• Lawson, RP; Jensen, E; Mitchell, DL; Baker, B; Mo, QX; Pilson, B, 2010: Microphysical and radiative properties of tropical clouds investigated in TC4 and NAMMA. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 115. doi: 10.1029/2009JD013017


• Lee, S.-S., G. Feingold, and P. Y. Chuang, 2012: Effect of Aerosol on Cloud–Environment Interactions in Trade Cumulus. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 69(12), 3607-3632, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-12-026.1.


• Lock, AP, 2009: Factors influencing cloud area at the capping inversion for shallow cumulus clouds. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 135(641), 941-941. doi: 10.1002/qj.424


• Lowenstein, JH; Blyth, AM; Lawson, RP, 2010: Early evolution of the largest-sized droplets in maritime cumulus clouds. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 136(648), 708-708. doi: 10.1002/qj.597


• Lu C., Y. Liu, S. Yum, S. Niu, and S. Endo, 2012: A new approach for estimating entrainment rate in cumulus clouds, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39: L04802, doi: 10.1029/2011GL050546.


• Lu, C., C. Sun, Y. Liu, G. J. Zhang, Y. Lin, W. Gao, S. Niu, Y. Yin, Y. Qiu, and L. Jin, 2018: Observational Relationship Between Entrainment Rate and Environmental Relative Humidity and Implications for Convection Parameterization. Geophysical Research Letters, 45, 13,495–13,504, doi: 10.1029/2018GL080264.


• Martins, JPA; Teixeira, J; Soares, PMM; Miranda, PMA; Kahn, BH; Dang, VT; Irion, FW; Fetzer, EJ; Fishbein, E, 2010: Infrared sounding of the trade-wind boundary layer: AIRS and the RICO experiment. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37. doi: 10.1029/2010GL045902


• Medeiros, B; Nuijens, L; Antoniazzi, C; Stevens, B, 2010: Low-latitude boundary layer clouds as seen by CALIPSO. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 115. doi: 10.1029/2010JD014437


• Minor et al 2011: Trade Wind Cloud Evolution Observed by Polarization Radar: Relationship to Giant Condensation Nuclei Concentrations and Cloud Organization. J. Atmos. Sci., 68, 1075–1096.


• Nuijens, Louise, Bjorn Stevens and A. Pier Siebesma, 2008: The environment of precipitating shallow cumulus convection, J. Atmos. Sci., J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 1962–1979, doi: 10.1175/2008JAS2841.1.


• P. Zuidema, D. Leon, A. Pazmany and M. Cadeddu, 2012: Aircraft millimeterwave passive sensing of cloud liquid water and water vapor during VOCALS-REx. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, pp. 355-369, doi:10.5194/acp-12-355-2012.


• P. Zuidema, Z. Li, R. Hill, L. Bariteau, B. Rilling, C. Fairall, W. A. Brewer, B. Albrecht and J. Hare, 2012:On trade-wind cumulus cold pools. J. Atmos. Sci., 69, pp. 258-277, doi: 10.1175/jas-d-11-0143.1


• Peter, JR; Blyth, AM; Brooks, B; McQuaid, JB; Lingard, JJN; Smith, MH, 2008: On the composition of Caribbean maritime aerosol particles measured during RICO. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 134(633), 1059-1059. doi: 10.1002/qj.198


• Pincus, R; Evans, KF, 2009: Computational Cost and Accuracy in Calculating Three-Dimensional Radiative Transfer: Results for New Implementations of Monte Carlo and SHDOM. J. Atmos. Sci., 66(10), 3131-3131. doi: 10.1175/2009JAS3137.1


• Rauber et al. 2013: Aerosol Size Distribution, Particle Concentration, and Optical Property Variability near Caribbean Trade Cumulus Clouds: Isolating Effects of Vertical Transport and Cloud Processing from Humidification Using Aircraft Measurements. J. Atmos. Sci., 70, 3063–3083


• Rauber, R. M., Bjorn Stevens and co-authors, 2007: A Supplement to Rain in Shallow Cumulus Over the Ocean: The RICO Campaign. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 88, S12-S18, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-88-12-Rauber.


• Rauber, R. M., Bjorn Stevens and co-authors, 2007: Rain in (shallow) cumulus over the ocean--The RICO campaign, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 88, 1912-1928, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-88-12-1912.


• Rauber, R. M., Bjorn Stevens, and co-authors, 2007: In the driver's seat--RICO and education. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 88, 1929-1937, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-88-12-1929.


• Rauber, R.M., B. Stevens, H.T. Ochs, C. Knight, B.A. Albrecht, A.M. Blyth, C.W. Fairall, J.B. Jensen, S.G. Lasher-Trapp, O.L. Mayol-Bracero, G. Vali, J.R. Anderson, B.A. Baker, A.R. Bandy, E. Burnet, J. Brenguier, W.A. Brewer, P.R. Brown, R. Chuang, W.R. Cotton, L. Di Girolamo, B. Geerts, H. Gerber, S. Göke, L. Gomes, B.G. Heikes, J.G. Hudson, P. Kollias, R.R. Lawson, S.K. Krueger, D.H. Lenschow, L. Nuijens, D.W. O'Sullivan, R.A. Rilling, D.C. Rogers, A.P. Siebesma, E. Snodgrass, J.L. Stith, D.C. Thornton, S. Tucker, C.H. Twohy, and P. Zuidema, 2007: Rain in Shallow Cumulus Over the Ocean: The RICO Campaign. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 88, 1912–1928.


• Reiche, CH; Lasher-Trapp, S, 2010: The minor importance of giant aerosol to precipitation development within small trade wind cumuli observed during RICO. Atmos. Res., 95(4), 386-386. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.11.002


• Sakradzija, M. and M. Klingebiel, 2019: Comparing ground‐based observations and a large‐eddy simulation of shallow cumuli by isolating the main controlling factors of the mass flux distribution. Q J R Meteorol Soc., 146, 254–266, doi: 10.1002/qj.3671.


• Scalia, S., 2006: A break in the clouds. Weatherwise, 59, 43-47, doi: 10.3200/WEWI.59.1.42-47.


• Seifert, A; Nuijens, L; Stevens, B, 2010: Turbulence effects on warm-rain autoconversion in precipitating shallow convection. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 136(652), 1753-1753. doi: 10.1002/qj.684


• Seifert, A; Stevens, B, 2010: Microphysical Scaling Relations in a Kinematic Model of Isolated Shallow Cumulus Clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 67(5), 1575-1575. doi: 10.1175/2009JAS3319.1


• Small, JD; Chuang, PY, 2008: New observations of precipitation initiation in warm cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 65(9), 2972-2972. doi: 10.1175/2008JAS2600.1


• Snodgrass, Eric R., Larry Di Girolamo, Robert M. Rauber, 2008: Precipitation Characteristics of Trade Wind Clouds during RICO Derived from Radar, Satellite and Aircraft Measurements. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, doi: 10.1175/2008JAMC1946.1.


• Stechmann, SN; Stevens, B, 2010: Multiscale Models for Cumulus Cloud Dynamics. J. Atmos. Sci., 67(10), 3269-3269. doi: 10.1175/2010JAS3380.1


• Stevens, B; Seifert, A, 2008: Understanding macrophysical outcomes of microphysical choices in simulations of shallow cumulus convection. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 86, 143-143. doi: 10.2151/jmsj.86a.143


• Stevens, Bjorn and Axel Seifert, 2007: On the sensitivity of simulations of shallow cumulus convection to their microphysical representation , J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan , submitted (August 2007).


• Trivej, P; Stevens, B, 2010: The Echo Size Distribution of Precipitating Shallow Cumuli. J. Atmos. Sci., 67(3), 788-788. doi: 10.1175/2009JAS3178.1


• vanZanten, M. C., B. Stevens, L. Nuijens, A. P. Siebesma, A. S. Ackerman, F. Burnet, A. Cheng, F. Couvreux, H. Jiang, M. Khairoutdinov, Y. Kogan, D. C. Lewellen, D. Mechem, K. Nakamura, A. Noda, B. J. Shipway, J. Slawinska, S. Wang, and A. Wyszogrodzki, 2011: Controls on precipitation and cloudiness in simulations of trade‐wind cumulus as observed during RICO. J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., 3, M06001, doi: 10.1029/2011MS000056.


• Wilson, J. W., C. A. Knight, S. A. Tessendorf, and C. Weeks, 2011: Polarimetric Radar Analysis of Raindrop Size Variability in Maritime and Continental Clouds. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 50(9), 1970-1980, doi: 10.1175/2011JAMC2683.1.


• Wood, R; Kubar, TL; Hartmann, DL, 2009: Understanding the Importance of Microphysics and Macrophysics for Warm Rain in Marine Low Clouds. Part II: Heuristic Models of Rain Formation. J. Atmos. Sci., 66(10), 2973-2973. doi: 10.1175/2009JAS3072.1


• Xue, H., G. Feingold and B. Stevens, 2007: The role of precipitating cells in organizing shallow cumulus convection, J. Atmos. Sci., in press.


• Zhao, G., and L. Di Girolamo, 2006: Cloud fraction errors for trade wind cumuli from EOS-Terra instruments, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33 , L20802, doi: 10.1029/2006GL027088.


• Zhao, Guangyu and Larry Di Girolamo, 2007: Statistics on the macrophysical properties of trade wind cumuli over the tropical western Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res., 112 , L20814, doi: 10.1029/2006JD007371.

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• Nuijens, L., 2005: "Op jacht naar cumulus tijdens RICO (The hunt for cumulus during RICO), Meteorologica 14-1, The Netherlands.

A-DE-HI-LM-PQ-TU-ZBack to Top

• Arabas, S., 2008: Mikrofizyczne własności płytkich chmur konwekcyjnych - studium eksperymentu RICO (Microphysical properties of shallow convective clouds - the RICO case study), MSc thesis, University of Warsaw, 66 pp.


• Colón-Robles, M., 2006: The influence of low-level wind speed on droplet spectra near cloud base in trade wind cumulus. M. S. Thesis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 47 pp.


• Donaher, Shauna, 2007: Mean Boundary Layer Structure and Turbulence Associated with Fair Weather Cumulus Clouds During RICO. Masters Thesis, University of Miami.


• Nuijens, L., 2005: Estimating precipitation from radar observations in the trade-wind cumulus region", Master's thesis, Wageningen University, The Netherlands.


• Nuijens, L., 2006: A study on the relations between thermodynamic profiles and rainfall in the trade-wind region, Master's thesis, Wageningen University, The Netherlands.

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