The Modular Wind Profiler is a development in EOL designed to meet wide ranging needs of the meteorological community. The radar operates at 449 MHz and is modular so can be scaled to suite the needs of a particular experiment. The concept uses a set of antenna modules that can be assembled together for a sensitive profiler to measure high into the atmosphere, or can be dispersed to make lower level measurements over a wide area. For example, a basic 3-module system probes the boundary layer; a 7-module system can probe into the mid-troposphere.; eventually a 19-module system will be able to probe the full troposphere.
The 449 MHz modular wind profiler developed out of the MAPR (Multiple Antenna Profiler Radar) system, and is capable of making rapid, high resolution measurements of the wind profile of the lower atmosphere. Spaced antenna techniques are used to make rapid wind measurements, enabling a wind profile to be made on time scales of 1 - 5 minutes, as compared to traditional DBS (Doppler Beam Swinging) wind profiler measurements of 10 - 30 minutes.
The Modular Profiler is deployed with the Integrated Sounding System (ISS) suite of instruments. We propose to expand the ISS to pair the profiler with instruments such as flux towers to measure the surface energy budget, a Doppler lidar to measure near-surface winds, the MPD DIAL lidar to measure water vapor, plus other instrumentation in a concept called LOTOS (LOwer Tropospheric Observing System).
The Modular Wind Profiler has been deployed with the ISS on ten field deployments:
- PCAPS (Persistent Cold-Air Pool Study): an early prototype with 3 antennas was deployed in Salt Lake City during the winter of 2010-2011
- Metcrax-II (Meteor Crater Experiment): 3-antenna module configuration near Meteor Crater AZ in the fall of 2013
- LATTE (Lower Atmospheric Thermodynamics & Turbulence Experiment): development tests and reflectivity study at the BAO tower at Erie, CO in early 2014
- DEEPWAVE-NZ (Deep Propagating Gravity Wave Experiment): 7-antenna modules configuration deployed to New Zealand in 2014
- PECAN (Plains Elevated Convection at Night): 7-antenna modules deploy to a storm study in Kansas in 2015
- SAVANT: 3-antenna configuration for a nocturnal boundary layer study in Illinois in 2018
- CHEESEHEAD: 3-antenna configuration for a forest-atmosphere interaction study in Wisconsin in 2019
- CFACT: 3-antenna configuration with RASS for a winter fog study in Utah 2022
- SWEX: 3-antenna configuration for a downslope wind study in Santa Barbara in 2020/2022
- M2HATS: 3-antenna configuration with RASS for a boundry layer turbulence study in the Central Valley, CA, in 2023
Development of the Modular Wind Profiler system continues in a number of areas:
- Mobile 449 MHz profiler: an internal development to construct a truck or trailer based version for rapid deployment or chase operations.
- Development of a distributed power amplifer
- Replacement of the data system currently based on Pentek receivers with Zynq FPGAs
- RIM (Range IMaging): to improve the range resolution of the profiler using frequency domain interferometry techniques. This a collaborative effort with Prof Phil Chilson of the University of Okalahoma and Dr Hubert Luce of South-Toulon Var University in France.
- Gabor filtering: to improve filtering of intermittent clutter such as bird echoes. This is a collaborative effort with Dr Volker Lehmann of the Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory, DWD, Germany.
- LOTOS (LOwer Tropospheric Observing System) is a proposed network of instruments which will include the Modular Wind Profiler
We are also working on improvements to our power amplifiers, graphical displays and signal processing. The profiler was initially developed with the assistance of Jim Jordan, Warner Ecklund, and Dan Law (all formerly with NOAA).
- William Brown (Project Scientist and Group Leader)
- David Ortigoza (Data system engineer)
- Charlie Martin (Software Engineer)
- Antonio Vigil (Technician)
- Former staff: John Sobtzak, Elizabeth Bernhardt, Brad Lindseth, and Jen Standridge also made major contributions to the system
Contact: William Brown
