CACHE94: RAD/SOIL/RAIN Messages: 18 Entries..

RNET change on gain: 
 
 Due to high levels on rnet, the 
gain was changed to 200. Changes in prep.config 
were made. New calibration term: 
 
y = 5/32768 * 1/200 * 12.8e3 Wm^2/volts 
y = 0.009765625 
 

PAR sensors installed. 
 
In the late morning/early afternoon 
the three PAR sensors were installed south of the walkup tower 
near the beginning of the trail. 
The free sky sensor, serial# Q9125, ASTER, was installed atop a stump, 
the eastern in-canopy sensor, serial# Q9124, B, was installed in the canopy 
in a deciduous bush. 
the western in-canopy sensor, serial# Q9018, B, was installed in the canopy 
in a hemlock tree. 
 
NB need more vegetation information from PI 
 
The two in-canopy sensors were mounted on planks which project 
from the vegetation and serve as leveling booms. 
 
Calibration factors: 
 ASTER, Daisy 112 : multiplier = -143.47, umoles s-1 m-2/uA, 604 ohms 
 B, Daisy 113     : multiplier = -154.56, umoles s-1 m-2/uA, 604 ohms 
 C, Daisy 114     : multiplier = -156.25, umoles s-1 m-2/uA, 604 ohms 
 

More sensors! 
 
  3 licor quantum sensors, (par), 
have been added to daisy on channels 
112, 113, and 114. Below are the calibration 
information. 
 
channel, sensor		calibration	cal factor 
-------------------------------------------------- 
112, S/N Q9125		-143.47		4.2099 
113, S/N Q9124		-154.56		3.9079 
114, S/N Q9018		-156.25		3.8656 
 
calibration equation: 
 
y  = (5/32768)*(1/100)*(143.47/604)*(1e6/1) 
umol/m^2s = (volt/count)*(1/gain)*(umols/m^2s/(uA*ohms))*(uvolts/volt) 
 
Note: the sign convention on calibration term is 
      reversed when we attach the sensor to the adam. 
 
 

Moved canopy par sensors: 
 
 Moved canopy par sensors into the 
sun to see if they are responding. 
1830 local time. 
 

RAIN DETECTOR 
 
Tues. Aug 9; 18:20 GMT 
 
The rain detector said low (rain) all morning, while it had not rained. 
Wiping of the sensor face with a Kim Wipe seems to have fixed the problem 
(with about the 2-minute lag reported by the company), even though the 
sensor face was dry prior to wiping.  Perhaps it was some dirt of some 
sort? 
 
Seems ok, now. 
 

Gravmoist of duff 
 
On 8 Aug a sample of duff was collected from next 
to the path to the darkhorse. The material was entirely 
organic leaf mold without any mineral component. 
It was divided weighed and dried overnight at 110 degreeF. 
NB gravimetric water fraction is water as fraction of total weight 
 
       fresh      dry     diff     gwf 
 
  A    13.06      4.68     8.38    0.64 
  B    17.24      6.21    11.03    0.64         Mean = 0.65 
  C    19.30      6.25    13.05    0.68 
 
Further samples need to be taken. 
 

T.soil.duff dead! 
 
 T.soil.duff is dead. The 5 volt 
supply got toasted while trying to 
determine the problem with the index 
channels. We will have Boulder send out 
a replacement part. 
 

NET rad problems! 
 
 For the last 1/2 hour, 2:00 - 2:30 GMT, 
we have been playing with the net radiation 
signal. The gain setting was wrong. Logbook 
entry 34 made mention of the gain problem; 
however, it was set the wrong way! Instead 
of reducing the gain by 2 it was increased. 
With a nice sunny day today Tony noticed the 
problem. The gain has been set to 50. Below 
is the calibration term. 
 
cal = 5/32768 * 1/50 * 12.8e3 Wm^2/volt 
 
cal = 0.0390625 
 

CANOPY PAR SENSOR DEPLOYMENT 
 
19:00 GMT 
 
Reset the mounting of sky/westcan/eastcan par sensors: 
 
Sky remains the same (daisy 112): relatively unobstructed by canopy 
 
East Canopy par (daisy 113) set deep into a western hemlock, 
and on this cloudy day (at noon) gives ~ 55/820 of the Sky par 
 
West Canopy par (daisy 114) set under one branch of a grand fir, 
and on this day (at noon) gives ~ 130/820 of the Sky par. 
 
 

Characterization of forest duff 
 
Samples were taken from the surface below the canopy to 
the east side of the darkhorse path. 
Stems were cut to allow access to the surface below the 
fir and sorsal? bush canopy. Two approximately 1000 cm3 samples were  
taken from the upper 10 cm  of the duff/leaf mold. This samples were  
bagged and weighed to estimate a bulk density. 
A portion of each sample was weighed fresh and then after 24 hours at 
110 degree C in order to obtain the gravimetric moisture fraction. 
The material was kept for further analysis. 
 
Sample A discarded 
 
Sample B was more decomposed material 
 
Sample C had more undecomposed leaves. 
 
Bulk density: 
 
  Sample      volume    weight   bulk density 
                cm3      g         g cm-3 
 
    B         1000       300       0.30 
    C         1000       280       0.28 
 
 
  Sample      fresh    dry    water   gravimetric water fraction 
                g       g       g 
 
    B          114      57      57          0.50 
    C          152      52     100          0.66 
 

T.soil.duff running again: 
 
 The 5 volt regulator in duff was replaced. 
We now have duff temps. 
time was around 20:30 gmt. 
 

Rain seatainer produces -5 V during precip this week- working ? 
 

Soil moisture sample taken 
 
We just took a soil sample from Tony's grotto (to the left of the 
path).  I cut out to the line on the spatula (8 cm?) after scraping 
off obviously wet leaves.  This has been placed into 3 aliquots. 
 
Wet weighings (after "Tare"ing) were: 
	Wet	First Dry		Second Dry 
A	18.93	11.21			11.22 
B	23.59	14.54			14.57 
C	17.36	10.16(spilled after)	10.16 (despite spillage!) 
 
The samples are cooking.  We'll take a dry weighing tomorrow. 
There were some roots in the samples. 
 
P.S.#1: Next morning:  First Dry weighing made about 1600Z.   
I spilled a few crumbs out of aliquot C after the weighing - sorry. 
 
P.S.#2: Second weighing at 1830Z agreed with first, so samples tossed. 
 
 Added 15 Nov 94 by Tony Delany:

        Fresh   Dry      Dry     Water    Grav. Water Frac     Mean gwf
          g      g        g        g       
A       18.93   11.21    11.22    7.72          0.41
B       23.59   14.54    14.57    9.05          0.38            0.40
C       17.36   10.16    10.16    7.20          0.41

PAR sensor replaced (on/below Dark Horse) 
 
Start: JDay 236 21:00 GMT 
 
Two PAR sensor are now mounted on the dark horse, to the right 
site of Schwarzenegger. SkyPAR (Daisy:112) facing upwards, 
WcanPAR (Daisy:114) facing downwards. Mounting wood is level 
to ca. 1 degree. 
EcanPAR (Daisy:113) is placed below the canopy, ca. 1 m above 
the ground. 
 
 

PYG - Down Battery replaced: now working 
 
New battery brings data back into line at 
about 400w/m2 vw 100w/mw. 
The old battery was down to ~.4V as opposed 
to 1.3V. 
 

Kurt & Lou are breaking down the radiation and soil temperature setup.

As Kurt pulled each soil sensor he stuck it in
ice water to verify the mapping from depth to probe index.

The probes were dunked at these times on day 266:
	1cm leaf 16:20
	5cm leaf 16:22  Note 3 & 5 were dunked out of order
	3cm leaf 16:23
	7cm leaf 16:25
	
	G.leaf.8cm 16:27
	
	1cm duff 16:29
	3cm duff 16:31
	5cm duff 16:32
	7cm duff 16:33

	G.duff.8cm 16:34

	hilive.tree 16:41
	lolive.tree 16:43
	hidead.tree 16:45
	lodead.tree 16:49


The soil temperature multiplexer takes about 2 minutes to cycle through
each probe but the sequence is discernable from the data plots.

The temp data was plotted with fun.plot.prep:
	fun.plot.prep(c("1cm.Tsoil.leaf","3cm.Tsoil.leaf",
			"5cm.Tsoil.leaf","7cm.Tsoil.leaf"),1994,266)

For plots verified that the setup was correct:
	daisy:116 = Tsoil.duff, daisy:117=index.Tsoil.duff
	daisy:118 = Tsoil.leaf, daisy:119-index.Tsoil.leaf

		duff & leaf	stump&tree
	index	depth	
	0	1cm		hidead
	1	3		lodead
	2	5		lolive
	3	7		hilive

and that the flux plate connections were correct:  daisy:110 is G.duff.8cm
and daisy:111 is G.leaf.8cm.


The plots from fun.plot.prep are filed with the Tsoil daily plots.
Tony's drawing of the soil temp and heat flux setup with Lou's
notes about the dunking sequence is filed with the hardcopy of the
logbook.

A note on "soil Moisture".

Rick Vong wants soil moisture values as input for CO2 flux modeling.
There were no bona fide soil moisture values measured during CACHE94.
There are values of the gravimetric water content of the leaf litter
or mold and decomposed leaf material which was the surface under the
canopy. Samples of the top eight centimeters of this material were taken
to determine its water content. This material had little or no mineral
content. The samples were taken from below the canopy alongside the path
which lead to the radiation stand.

   Logbook entry    Date of sample    Gravimetric Water Fraction

       62                8 Aug 94              0.65
       85               11 Aug 94              0.58
      183               23 Aug 94              0.40

Soil moisture sample taken 
 
We just took a soil sample from Tony's grotto (to the left of the 
path).  I cut out to the line on the spatula (8 cm?) after scraping 
off obviously wet leaves.  This has been placed into 3 aliquots. 
 
Wet weighings (after "Tare"ing) were: 
	Wet	First Dry		Second Dry 
A	18.93	11.21			11.22 
B	23.59	14.54			14.57 
C	17.36	10.16(spilled after)	10.16 (despite spillage!) 
 
The samples are cooking.  We'll take a dry weighing tomorrow. 
There were some roots in the samples. 
 
P.S.#1: Next morning:  First Dry weighing made about 1600Z.   
I spilled a few crumbs out of aliquot C after the weighing - sorry. 
 
P.S.#2: Second weighing at 1830Z agreed with first, so samples tossed. 
 
 Added 15 Nov 94 by Tony Delany:

        Fresh   Dry      Dry     Water    Grav. Water Frac     Mean gwf
          g      g        g        g       
A       18.93   11.21    11.22    7.72          0.41
B       23.59   14.54    14.57    9.05          0.38            0.40
C       17.36   10.16    10.16    7.20          0.41