EDUCATION:
 

9/95 - 9/99	Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD                                    La Jolla, California Ph.D. in Oceanography.  Dissertation: "Field-based Atmospheric O2 Measurements and the Ocean Carbon Cycle."  Designed and built a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) absorption oxygen analyzer.  Conducted field measurements in the Equatorial Pacific, Southern Ocean, and Harvard Forest.  Used numerical models to investigate modern atmospheric O2 distributions and glacial-interglacial CO2 variations.  Advisor: Ralph Keeling.
9/89 - 6/93	Harvard University                                                             Cambridge, Massachusetts A.B. Magna Cum Laude degree in Earth and Planetary Sciences.  Senior honors thesis: "An Investigation of Natural and Anthropogenic Influences on Stratospheric Ozone Trends."  Advisor: Michael McElroy.
9/85 - 6/89	La Grande High School                                                                    La Grande, Oregon

EMPLOYMENT:
 

1/02 - present	National Center for Atmospheric Research                                     Boulder, Colorado Scientist II.  Conducting independent and collaborative research on the global carbon cycle.  Developed airborne atmospheric O2 instrument, autonomous CO2 instrument, and laboratory O2 and CO2 calibration facility.  Co-PI and Mission Scientist for the Airborne Carbon in the Mountains Experiment.  Co-chair of an NCAR advanced study institute on carbon data-assimilation.  Deployed and maintained a network of autonomous CO2 instruments as part of the Regional Atmospheric Continuous CO2 Network in the Rocky Mountains (Rocky RACCOON).  Maintained O2 and CO2 instruments for over three years at a field site in Wisconsin.  Participated in the summer 2003 North American CO2 Budget and Regional Airborne Study (COBRA-NA 2003).  Conducted global comparison of airborne CO2 vertical profile data.  Planning airborne field campaigns in Brazil (BARCA), Colorado (ACME ‘07) and a global campaign on the GV aircraft (HIPPO).
11/99 - 10/01	Coop. Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences                       Boulder, Colorado Visiting Fellow in the NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory.  Adapted and installed a commercial fuel-cell analyzer for autonomous tall-tower atmospheric O2 measurements.  Helped to plan and participated in the summer 2000 CO2 Budget and Rectification Airborne Study (COBRA) field campaign.  Developed plans for expansion of the CO2 observing network as part of the In Situ Large-Scale CO2 Observations Working Group.  Synthesized global data on the vertical distribution of atmospheric CO2.
7/99 - 10/99	Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD                                     La Jolla, California Postdoctoral Research Chemist in the Marine Research Division.  Designed and tested an inlet and analytical system for measuring atmospheric O2/N2, Ar/N2, and CO2/N2 ratios on a stable-isotope mass spectrometer.  Analyzed airborne flask samples using this system.
7/93 - 1/95	United States Geological Survey                                       Woods Hole, Massachusetts ECO Associate Researcher.  Studied atmospheric carbon dioxide exchange in forest ecosystems for the Geochemical Carbon Fluxes Project.  Installed sampling equipment and collected soil gas concentration and flux data in Massachusetts, Vermont, and Northern Manitoba.  Developed and created computer models to test new methods for measuring soil CO2 emission.
Summer '92	Harvard University                                                                Cambridge, Massachusetts Research assistant.  Helped develop a study of the carbon-13 fractionation of CO2 in forest air.  Planned experiments, designed and constructed air-sampling systems, and processed samples on a stable isotope mass spectrometer.
Summer '91	Juneau Icefield Research Program                                    Alaska and British Columbia Research assistant.  Participated in geological and meteorological studies during an eight-week field expedition, traversing the Juneau Icefield on skis.  Conducted an independent research project on supraglacial stream dynamics.

AWARDS:
 

9/98 - 7/99	Achievement Rewards for College Scientists Scholar
9/95 - 8/98	NSF Graduate Research Fellow

PUBLICATIONS:
 

Winston, G.C., B.B. Stephens, E.T. Sundquist, J.P. Hardy, and R.E. Davis, Seasonal variability in CO2 transport through snow in a boreal forest, Biogeochemistry of Seasonally Snow-Covered Catchments, IAHS publ. no. 228, 61-70, 1995.  [PDF]

Winston, G.C., E.T. Sundquist, B.B. Stephens, and S. E. Trumbore, Winter CO2 fluxes in a boreal forest, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 28795-28804, 1997.  [PDF]

Keeling, R.F., B.B. Stephens, R.G. Najjar, S.C. Doney, D. Archer, and M. Heimann, Seasonal variations in the atmospheric O2/N2 ratio in relation to the kinetics of air-sea gas exchange, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 12, 141-163, 1998.  [PDF]

Stephens, B.B., R.F. Keeling, M. Heimann, K.D. Six, and R. Murnane, Testing global biological ocean models using measurements of atmospheric O2 and CO2 concentrations, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 12, 213-230, 1998.  [PDF]

Stephens, B.B., Field-based atmospheric oxygen measurements and the ocean carbon cycle, Ph.D. thesis, 221 pp., University of California, San Diego, 1999.  [Header material, Introduction, and Conclusion PDF; Chapter 2 PDF; Chapter 3 PDF; Chapter 4 PDF; Chapter 5 PDF; Chapter 6 PDF; Entire document PDF]

Stephens, B.B., S.C. Wofsy, R.F. Keeling, P.P. Tans, and M.J. Potosnak, The CO2 Budget and Rectification Airborne Study: Strategies for measuring rectifiers and regional fluxes, Inverse Methods in Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Geophysical Monograph 114, AGU 2000.  [PDF]

Stephens, B.B. and R.F. Keeling, The influence of Antarctic sea ice on glacial-interglacial CO2 variations, Nature, 404, 171-174, 2000.  [PDF]

Keeling, R.F. and B.B. Stephens, Antarctic sea ice and the control of Pleistocene climate instability, Paleoceanography, 16, 112-131, 330-334, 2001.  [PDF]

Stephens, B.B. and P.P. Tans, Atmospheric Observations (Chapter 2), in A Large-Scale CO2 Observing Plan: In Situ Oceans and Atmosphere (LSCOP), 21-53, 2002.  [PDF]

Stephens, B.B., R.F. Keeling, and W.J. Paplawsky, Shipboard measurements of atmospheric oxygen using a vacuum-ultraviolet absorption technique, Tellus Series B, 55, 857-878, 2003.  [PDF]

Bakwin, P.S., P.P. Tans, B.B. Stephens, S.C. Wofsy, C.H. Gerbig, and A. Grainger, Strategies for measurement of atmospheric column means of carbon dioxide from aircraft using discrete sampling, Journal of Geophysical Research, 108(D16), 4514, doi:10.1029/2002JD003306, 2003.  [PDF]

Dilling, L., S.C. Doney, J. Edmonds, K.R. Gurney, R. Harriss, D. Schimel, B. Stephens, and G. Stokes, The role of carbon cycle observations and knowledge in carbon management, Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 28, 521-558, doi:10.1146/annurev.energy.28.011503.163443, 2003.  [PDF]

Gerbig, C., J.C. Lin, S.C. Wofsy, B.C. Daube, A.E. Andrews,  B.B. Stephens, P.S. Bakwin, and A. Grainger, Toward constraining regional-scale fluxes of CO2 with atmospheric observations over a continent: 1. Observed spatial variability from airborne platforms, Journal of Geophysical Research, 108(D24), 4756, doi:10.1029/2002JD003018, 2003.  [PDF]

Gerbig, C., J.C. Lin, S.C. Wofsy, B.C. Daube, A.E. Andrews,  B.B. Stephens, P.S. Bakwin, and A. Grainger, Toward constraining regional-scale fluxes of CO2 with atmospheric observations over a continent: 2. Analysis of COBRA data using a receptor-oriented framework, Journal of Geophysical Research, 108(D24), 4757, doi: 10.1029/2003JD003770, 2003.  [PDF]

Doney, S.C., R. Anderson, J. Bishop, K. Caldeira, C. Carlson, M.-E. Carr, R. Feely, M. Hood, C. Hopkinson, R. Jahnke, D. Karl, J. Kleypas, C. Lee, R. Letelier, C. McClain, C. Sabine, J. Sarmiento, B. Stephens, and R. Weller, 2004: Ocean Carbon and Climate Change (OCCC): An Implementation Strategy for U. S. Ocean Carbon Cycle Science, UCAR, Boulder, CO, 108pp.  [PDF]

Lin, J.C., C. Gerbig, S.C. Wofsy, A.E. Andrews, B.C. Daube, C.A. Grainger, B.B. Stephens, P.S. Bakwin, and D.Y. Hollinger, Measuring fluxes of trace gases at regional scales by Lagrangian observations: Application to the CO2 Budget and Rectification Airborne (COBRA) study, Journal of Geophysical Research, 109, D15304, doi: 10.1029/2004JD004754, 2004.  [PDF]

Stephens, B., A. Watt, and G. Maclean, An autonomous inexpensive robust CO2 analyzer (AIRCOA).  13th WMO/IAEA Meeting of Experts on Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Related Tracers Measurement Techniques, WMO TD 1359, 95-99, 2006.  [PDF]

Stephens, B.B., P.S. Bakwin, P.P. Tans, R.M. Teclaw, and D.D. Baumann, Application of a differential fuel-cell analyzer for measuring atmospheric oxygen variations,  Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 24, 82–94, doi: 10.1175/JTECH1959.1, 2007.  [PDF]

Sun, J., S.P. Burns, A.C. Delany, S.P. Oncley, A.A. Turnipseed, B.B. Stephens, D.H. Lenschow, M.A. LeMone, R. K. Monson, D.E. Anderson, CO2 transport over complex terrain, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 145, 1–21, doi: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.02.007, 2007.  [PDF]

Stephens, B.B., K.R. Gurney, P.P. Tans, C. Sweeney, W. Peters, L. Bruhwiler, P. Ciais, M. Ramonet, P. Bousquet, T. Nakazawa, S. Aoki, T. Machida, G. Inoue, N. Vinnichenko, J. Lloyd, A. Jordan, M. Heimann, O. Shibistova, R.L. Langenfelds, L.P. Steele, R.J. Francey, A.S. Denning, Weak northern and strong tropical land carbon uptake from vertical profiles of atmospheric CO2, Science, 316, 1732-1735, doi: 10.1126/science.1137004, 2007.  [PDF]

PUBLIC SPEAKING:
 

"Measurement of soil surface gas fluxes using closed-chamber techniques: Are they accurate and scalable?" American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, December, 1995.

"Remote continuous CO2 measurements from commercial aircraft,"  Commercial Aviation Atmospheric Measurement Program (CAAMP) Meeting, Boulder, CO, October, 1996.

"Seasonal variations in the atmospheric O2/N2 ratio in relation to the kinetics of air-sea gas exchange,"  American Geophysical Union Spring Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May, 1997.

"Strategies for measuring rectifiers,"  Third Carbon Modelers Consortium Meeting, Princeton, NJ, July, 1997.

"Testing global ocean carbon cycle models using measurements of atmospheric O2 and CO2 concentrations,"  Fifth International Carbon Dioxide Conference, Cairns, Australia, September, 1997.

"CO2 Budget and Rectification Airborne Study - North America (COBRA-NA),"  Workshop on Inverse Methods in Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Heraklion, Greece, March, 1998.

"Carbon cycle constraints from recent field-based atmospheric O2 measurements,"  UCI Earth System Science Seminar Series, Irvine, CA, November, 1998.

"Field-based Atmospheric O2 Measurements and the Ocean Carbon Cycle,"  Pennsylvania State University, College Station, PA, September, 1999.

“The influence of Antarctic sea ice on glacial-interglacial CO2 variations,”  American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, December, 1999.

“What atmospheric oxygen measurements can tell us about ocean circulation and carbon cycling,”  NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory Seminar Series, Boulder, CO, March, 2000.

“Atmospheric O2 measurements in temperate forests,” NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory Annual Meeting, Boulder, CO, May, 2000.

“Planned WLEF atmospheric O2 measurements and COBRA summer campaign,”  Third Chequamegon Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study Annual Meeting, St. Paul, MN, June, 2000.

“Including atmospheric O2 in a fully coupled carbon system model,”  Fifth Annual Community Climate System Model Workshop, Breckenridge, CO, June, 2000.

“The first measurements of atmospheric oxygen variations in forests: what they say about plant physiology, industrial emissions, continental boundary-layer mixing, and the global carbon cycle,”  NCAR Biogeochemistry Seminar Series, Boulder, CO, April, 2001.

“Results from the first year of atmospheric O2 measurements at the WLEF tall-tower site,”  NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory Annual Meeting, Boulder, CO, May, 2001.

“Using airborne and continental data to evaluate global atmospheric CO2 inverse models,”  Sixth International Carbon Dioxide Conference, Sendai, Japan, October, 2001.

“Using airborne and continental data to evaluate global atmospheric CO2 inverse models,”  TransCom 3 Science Meeting, Ft. Collins, CO, February, 2002.

“The potential role of NCAR in the future carbon observing network,” NCAR Atmospheric Technology Division Seminar Series, Boulder, CO, May, 2002.  [PDF] [PPT and embedded MPG, MPG]

“Goals,” [PDF] [PPT and embedded MPG]  “Instruments and platforms for measuring atmospheric CO2 concentration,” [PDF] [PPT]  “The Rules,” [PDF] [PPT]  “Representativeness,” [PDF] [PPT]  “Synthesis and next steps,” [PDF] [PPT]  Model-data Integration and Network Design for Biogeochemical Research (CDAS) Advanced Study Institute, Boulder, CO, May, 2002.

“CO2 and O2 concentration measurements: Global carbon cycle,” [PDF] [PPT and embedded MPG, MPG]  “CO2 and O2 concentration measurements: Results from the WLEF O2 measurement program,” [PDF] [PPT]  Chequamegon Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study Workshop, Woodruff, WI, August, 2002.

“Carbon model-data fusion,” North American Carbon Program Methane Workshop, Durham, NH, September, 2002.  [PDF] [PPT and embedded MPG]

“Atmospheric carbon observations,” Carbon Data Assimilation Workshop, College Park, MD, October, 2002.  [PDF] [PPT and embedded MPG]

"Tradeoffs between measurement accuracy and cost, vertical and horizontal sampling density, and signal strength and variability in an expanded CO2 observing network," American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting, Long Beach, CA, February, 2003.  [PDF] [PPT and embedded AVI, AVI, AVI, AVI, AVI]

"Carbon cycle scaling issues," NCAR Biogeosciences Initiative Meeting, Boulder, CO, February, 2003.  [PDF] [PPT and embedded AVI, AVI, AVI, AVI, AVI]

"The vertical distribution of atmospheric CO2," NOAA CMDL Carbon Cycle Greenhouse Gases Group weekly meeting, Boulder, CO, August, 2003.  [PDF] [PPT]

"Atmospheric oxygen in and above forests,"  Atmospheric Potential Oxygen Workshop, Jena, Germany, July, 2004.  [PDF] [PPT]

"CME, ACME, and Regional Carbon Fluxes in the Mountain West,"  NOAA CMDL Modeling and Data Analysis Workshop, Boulder, CO, September, 2004.  [PPT]

"Regional Scale Carbon Flux Estimates over Complex Terrain and the Airborne Carbon in the Mountains Experiment,"  American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, December, 2004.  [PPT]

"Regional Scale Carbon Flux Estimates over Complex Terrain and the Airborne Carbon in the Mountains Experiment," NOAA CMDL Carbon Cycle Greenhouse Gases Group weekly meeting, Boulder, CO, January, 2005  [PPT]

"A Regional Atmospheric Continuous CO2 Network in the Rocky Mountains (Rocky RACCOON)," CME Science Meeting, Keystone, CO, May, 2005  [PPT]

"An Autonomous Inexpensive Robust CO2 Analyzer (AIRCOA)," NOAA CMDL Carbon Cycle Greenhouse Gases Group weekly meeting, Boulder, CO, July, 2005  [PPT]

"Southern Ocean Carbon Fluxes and Air-sea Gas-exchange from Past and Future Atmospheric O2 Measurements," Ocean Carbon and Climate Change (OCCC) Workshop, Woods Hole, MA, August, 2005  [PPT]

"An Autonomous Inexpensive Robust CO2 Analyzer (AIRCOA)," 13th WMO/IAEA Meeting of Experts on Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Related Tracer Measurement Techniques, Boulder, CO, September, 2005  [PPT]

"An Autonomous Inexpensive Robust CO2 Analyzer (AIRCOA)," CarboEurope Activity 2.7 Meeting, Hyytiälä, Finland, January, 2006  [PPT]

"Carbon Cycle Observation Advances at NCAR," National Science Board visit to NCAR, Boulder, CO, February, 2006 [PPT]

"Carbon Cycle Observations and Instrumentation,"  NCAR Directors’ Committee monthly meeting, Boulder, CO, February, 2006 [PPT]

"Preliminary Data and Reproducibility Metrics from Rocky RACCOON,"  North American Carbon Program Mid-Continent Intensive (MCI) Campaign 1st Science Team Meeting, Boulder, CO, February, 2006 [PPT]

"Preliminary Data, Reproducibility Metrics, and Representivity from Rocky RACCOON,"  Workshop on Data Assimilation Techniques and the North American Carbon Budget, Boulder, CO, February, 2006 [PPT]

"The Vertical Distribution of Atmospheric CO2 and the Latitudinal Partitioning of Global Carbon Fluxes," NCAR TIIMES Management and Science Advisory Committee meeting, Boulder, CO, December, 2006  [PPT]

“Regional to Global Carbon Cycling,” lecture given to University of Nevada graduate field course in atmospheric sciences, Storm Peak Laboratory, CO, January, 2007  [PPT and embedded MPG, MPG]

"Light Aircraft CO2 Observations and the Global Carbon Cycle," NCAR TIIMES and EOL Seminar Series, Boulder, CO, April, 2007 [PPT]

"There's a Rectifier in my Closet: Vertical CO2 Transport and Latitudinal Flux Partitioning," TransCom Meeting, Purdue, IN, April, 2007 [PPT]

"Regional Needs and Instrumentation for CO2 Observations," ASP Colloquium: Regional Biogeochemistry, Boulder, CO, June, 2007 [PPT]

"Aircraft CO2 Observations and the Missing Carbon Sink,"  NCAR Directors’ Committee monthly meeting, Boulder, CO, June, 2007 [PPT]

"Aircraft CO2 Observations and Global Carbon Budgeting," IMAGe/MSRI Summer Graduate Workshop on Data Assimilation for the Carbon Cycle, Boulder, CO, July, 2007 [PPT]

“Closing in on the Missing Carbon Sink: Implications for Climate Research and Mitigation,” U.N. Climate Change Conference, Bali, Indonesia, December, 2007 [PPT]

POSTER PRESENTATIONS:
 

“Seasonal variations in the atmospheric O2/N2 ratio in relation to kinetics of air-sea gas exchange,”  Fifth International Carbon Dioxide Conference, Cairns, Australia, September, 1997

“Measurements of atmospheric O2 variations at the WLEF tall-tower site,”  Sixth International Carbon Dioxide Conference, Sendai, Japan, October, 2001  [PDF]

"An Autonomous Inexpensive Robust CO2 Analyzer (AIRCOA)," 13th WMO/IAEA Meeting of Experts on Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Related Tracer Measurement Techniques, Boulder, CO, September, 2005; 7th International Carbon Dioxide Conference, Broomfield, CO, September, 2005; AmeriFlux Annual Science Team Meeting, Boulder, CO, October, 2005  [PDF]

"A Regional Atmospheric Continuous CO2 Network in the Rocky Mountains (Rocky RACCOON)," 13th WMO/IAEA Meeting of Experts on Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Related Tracer Measurement Techniques, Boulder, CO, September, 2005; 7th International Carbon Dioxide Conference, Broomfield, CO, September, 2005; AmeriFlux Annual Science Team Meeting, Boulder, CO, October, 2005  [PDF]

"Biologically Driven Southern Ocean Carbon Fluxes as Observed by Atmospheric O2 and CO2 Concentrations," 7th International Carbon Dioxide Conference, Broomfield, CO, September, 2005  [PDF]

"Vertical Profiles of CO2 and the Latitudinal Partitioning of Carbon Fluxes," 50th Anniversary of the Global Carbon Dioxide Record Symposium, Kona, HI, November, 2007  [PDF]

COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS:
 

In Situ Large-Scale CO2 Observations Working Group (LSCOP), 1999 - 2002.  [Full report: PDF]

Carbon Cycle Science Ocean Interim Implementation Group (OCCC), 2002 - 2004.  [Full report: PDF]

NCAR Realignment Committee, 2003 - 2004.

NCAR Biogeosciences Program Steering Committee, 2002 - present.

NCAR Biocomplexity Program Steering Committee, 2004 - 2005.

NCAR The Institute for Integrative and Multidisciplinary Earth Studies Science Advisory Committee, 2005 - 2006.

The Surface Ocean - Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) Implementation Group 3, 2003 - present.

SOLAS/IMBER Carbon Group (SIC), 2005 - present.  [Document: PDF]

Local Organizing Committee, 7th International Carbon Dioxide Conference, 2004 - 2005.

Organizing Committee, 13th WMO/IAEA Meeting of Experts on Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Related Tracer Measurement Techniques, 2004 - 2005.

National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) Fundamental Instrument Unit Tiger Team, 2007 - present.

 
PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS: