SBI Expected Datasets

Cruise: HLY-02-01

Hydrographic Measurements (Codispoti and Swift)

Measurements: CTD-Temperature, CTD-Salinity, CTD-Dissolved Oxygen, light transmission, fluorometric chlorophyll, fluorometric dissolved organic matter (cDOM; Haardt, fluorometer), and PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation).

Bottle samples were analyzed for: salinity, dissolved oxygen, ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, dissolved silicon, urea and chlorophyll.

Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Seawater (Hansell and Bates)

Measurements: Total Alkalinity, DIC (Total CO₂), Dissolved Organic Carbon, Total Dissolved Nitrogen, Particulate Organic Carbon, Particulate Nitrogen

Primary Production, Bio-optics, and Remote Sensing of Ocean Color (Cota)

Measurements: Phytoplankton pigment (HPLC) and cell count samples, surface optics (SO), sun photometry (Sun), passive optical (PO) profiles, and active optical (AO) profiles at daytime stations.

Microbiology (Kirchman)

Measurements: bacterial production (thymidine (DNA) and leucine (protein) incorporation) and samples for bacterial biomass (abundance and biovolume) and various molecular assays of bacterial community structure (“species” composition) in the upper 100 to 150 m.

Biomarkers (Benner and Harvey)

Measurements: water samples collected for chemical characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM), samples of dissolved and particulate matter, flash fluorometer. Together, these data will provide information on the concentrations and sources of DOM in the study region.

Radium Isotopes and XCTD Studies (Kadko)

Measurements: Depths sampled included a surface sample (~7m) from each station with 1-4 additional depths depending on location and total water depth. All samples were collected within 250m of the surface. Samples were analyzed for ²²⁴Ra and ^228Th. At home samples were counted for ²²⁶Ra and ²²⁸Ra. XCTD measurements.

Microzooplankton Grazing, Growth, Biomass and Food for Mesozooplankton (Sherr)

Measurements: Phytoplankton growth rates are based on analysis of chlorophyll-a, which was performed onboard. Microzooplankton grazing rates will be determined after counting grazers by microscopy upon return to Oregon State University. We helped Bob Campbell and Stefan Plourde by analyzing chlorophyll from their mesozooplankton grazing experiments. We have made slides for epifluorescent microscope counts of protists, preserved Lugols samples for ciliates, and frozen samples for flow cytometry for each dilution or mesozooplankton grazing experiment. These will be analyzed at Oregon State University. We have taken samples from all optically-determined depths (1%, 5%, 15%, 30%, 50% 100% light levels) from all of Glenn Cota’s CTD casts (prod and non-prod casts) and the upper 50 meters from the service CTD cast on station 8, where no productivity cast was done. For each of these samples, we have made slides for epifluorescent microscope counts of protists, preserved Lugols samples for ciliates, and frozen samples for flow cytometry to be analyzed at Oregon State University.

Mesozooplankton Process Studies (Campbell and Ashjian)

Measurements: We conducted grazing and egg production experiments with the dominant mesozooplankton species that were encountered at the different stations. Also, we collected zooplankton for carbon and nitrogen analysis and RNA/DNA determinations. And in addition at the sites where grazing experiments were conducted, quantitative vertical net hauls with 50 and 150 µm mesh nets were taken for abundance and biomass measurements in the upper 100 meters for estimates of grazing impacts.

Exchange of Plankton and Particles between the Shelf and Basin (Ashjian and

Gallager)

Measurements: Video Plankton Recorder (VPR)

Water and Sediment Tracers, Sediment Metabolism and Benthic Community

Structure (Grebmeier and Cooper)

Measurements:

Analysis	PI (or for collaborator)
O-18 profile	Cooper
Bottom water	Grebmeier
Chlorophyll a	Grebmeier/Cooper
HPLC pigments	Grebmeier/Cooper
TOC, grain size	Grebmeier/Cooper
Phytoplankton ID samples, surface	Stockwell
Be-7, Cs-137 (surface and downcore)	Grebmeier/Cooper
Thorium (downcore)	Moran
Radium (downcore)	Kadko-from Quan.Haps
Plutonium (downcore)	Masque (SUNY)
Oxygen uptake (cores)	Grebmeier
Faunal populations (van Veen grabs to 500m, Haps cores to 3000m)	Grebmeier

Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Dynamics (Dunton)

Measurements:

The object of this scientific endeavor is to collect biological material (carbon) from three levels in the ocean to determine the natural abundance of d¹³C and d¹⁵N.

POM was sampled by filtering water onto GFF
Water column animals were caught by plankton net, identified, sorted and dried
Benthic invertebrates were collected using sediment cores, sieved, identified, sorted and dried

The dried samples will be taken back and analyzed upon a mass spectrometer at the University of Texas Marine Science Institute upon return from the expedition.

Particle-reactive Radionuclides (Moran)

Measurements: Th-234, Pb-210,Ra-223, I-129, Cs-137, Ra-226/U-238 from surface sediments

Sea-ice studies (Gradinger and Eicken)

Measurements: Along the entire cruise track, ice observations have been carried out from the ship’s bridge at 2 hour intervals (when the ship was underway) and once at every station. Observations comprise determination of prevailing ice types, ice thickness, snow depth, distribution of open water as well as estimates of ice affected by colonization by ice algae (“brown ice”) and containing sediment entrained during ice growth (“dirty ice”). Digital photographs of ice conditions to port and starboard and photographs of ice features complement the observations.

Ice thickness and snow depth have been determined on ice floes of opportunity. Ice cores, snow and water samples were obtained for measurements of temperature, salinity and later determination of stable isotope composition. A further core was extracted and centrifuged at in-situ temperatures for later studies of ice microstructure and permeability, aiding in an assessment of constraints on nutrient fluxes and biomass build-up in the ice. On the same floes, ice cores and water samples from 5m water depth were collected to determine algal pigment concentration (chl a), POC, PON and 13C and15N ratios. Additionally brine and water samples were used to assess primary production and nitrate and ammonia uptake rates. Additionally, light intensities were recorded continuously over the entire sampling period (3 to 5 hours) with a PAM fluorometer.

Marine Mammal and Seabird Observations (Webber)

Measurements: Marine mammal and seabird sightings have been recorded during 112 hours and 50 minutes of observations while the Healy has been underway, and opportunistically while the ship is stopped on sampling stations. Latitude and longitude are recorded for all marine mammal sightings as well as environmental observations. Digital photographs of some of the mammal sightings were collected and collection of a Digital Globe Quick Bird commercial satellite image of walrus on pack ice is underway based on sightings from the helicopter flights that occurred in this area.