Regional Hydroclimate Project:
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LPB (La Plata Basin)
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Cruz Alta
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Cruz Alta
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None
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Name: Debora Roberti
Affiliation:
Telephone:
Fax:
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Latitude: -28.6036
Longitude: -53.6736
Elevation: 432 m
Cruz Alta Maps (click for full resolution):
Google Earth .kmz file of LPB Cruz Alta Reference Site station locations
Station Description:
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General Description:
All the meteorological (except precipitation), radiation, soil, and flux measurements have been performed by a micrometeorological tower owned by the Laboratory of Micrometeorology (L.met-UFSM). This tower operating at the FUNDACEP (Fundação Centro de Experimentação e Pesquisa Fundação Centro de Pesquisas) in Cruz Alta city. The precipitation have been obtained using the INMET station (near the micrometeorological tower)
Station Operator: Laboratory of Micrometeorology (L.met-UFSM)
Vegetation and Land Use:
The portion north and west of the state is occupied by the Basaltic Plateau, which describes a half-moon around the central depression. This plateau, which has the striking feature of the geological structure, is formed by the accumulation or stacking of successive basalt flows, interspersed with layers of sandstone. The surface of the plateau has a general slope from east to west. In the northeast, along the coast, it reaches its highest elevation, between 1,000 and 1,100; around Cruz Alta city the elevation is around 440m, in the far west of the state, along the banks of the River Uruguay, not exceeding one hundred meters. The topography is flat or slightly wavy.
Cruz Alta city is situated in northwest of the Rio Grande do Sul state, the Southern state of Brazil, and about 347 km to West of Porto Alegre, the capital of state. The economy of the city Cruz Alta is primarily agricultural. It has produced over 100 thousand tons of soybeans and about 30 thousand tons of wheat as much corn annually.
The region where is the FUNDACEP, in Cruz Alta, presented in original condition, native vegetation, consisting predominantly of coarse fields (grass). The agricultural area was started around 1950. It is common practice for two agricultural cycles per year in this region. In summer the main cultivated species is soybean, with a short term for maize, and winter stands out the wheat crop. These areas are being managed under no-tillage system with good vegetation cover on the ground since 1985.
A micrometeorological tower was installed in an agricultural research center (FUNDACEP), where experiments take place with the main crops of the region, soybean, maize, and wheat. The Figure 1 shows the land cover near the tower.
Dominant land cover at the measurement location: agricultural fields (soybean, maize and wheat)
Canopy height: No information.
Land cover within 50 m of site: agricultural fields (soybean, maize and wheat)
Land cover within 500 m of site: No information.
Land cover within 12 km of site: No information.
Seasonal land cover changes: No information.
Major changes in land cover at site during CEOP data period: No information.
Slope at the site: No information.
Other notes: None.
Soil Type and Characterization:
Surface soil type: The soil is classified as Oxisol typical, with clay loam. In this soil there is a predominance of kaolinite and iron oxides (63.5 g kg-1, extracted by DCB)
Soil type in deeper layers: No information.
Surface soil porosity: no information
Soil porosity in deeper layers: No information.
Soil infiltration rate: No information.
Bulk Dry Density: No information.
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: No information.
The Soil Reference Group(s) (from World Reference Base for Soil Resources): No information.
Climate:
The Cruz Alta climate is humid subtropical, Cfa 2nd, according to the Köppen climate classification. The average annual rainfall is 1774 mm, with rainfall evenly distributed throughout the year. The hottest month of the year is January, with the maximum normal 30° C, and July the coldest month with normal minimum of 8.6° C.
Temperature and precipitation annual cycles (click for full resolution):
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SURFACE METEOROLOGY AND RADIATION INSTRUMENTATION AND DESCRIPTION:
- Station pressure 2.5 m; LiCor - LI7500
- Air Temperature 2,5 m; Campbell Scientific - CSAT 3
- Dew point - not measured
- Relative humidity not measured
- Specific humidity not measured
- Wind speed 2,5m; Campbell Scientific - CSAT 3
- Wind direction 2,5m; Campbell Scientific - CSAT 3
- U wind component (derived) (2.5m)
- V wind component (derived) (2.5 m)
- Precipitation - 1,5 m; Texas Instruments, INC
- Snow depth - Not Measured
- Incoming shortwave radiation - 5 m; Kipp & Zonen - CMB6
- Outgoing shortwave radiation - not measured
- Incoming longwave radiation - not measured
- Outgoing longwave radiation - not measured
- Net radiation 5 m; Kipp & Zonen - NR LITE
- Skin temperature - not measured
- Incoming Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) - 1 m; Kipp & Zonen - PAR LITE
- Outgoing Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) - Not measured.
- Sensible Heat Flux no information
- Latent Heat Flux no information
- CO2 Flux 2,5 m; LiCor- LI7500
- Soil Heat Flux -2 cm; Hukseflux - HFP01SC-L
- Soil temperature -2 cm; Campbell Scientific - Termopar Tipo E - TCAV-L
- Soil moisture -5 cm; Campbell Scientific - CS616-L Water Content Reflectometer
The micromet tower (click for full resolution):
METEOROLOGICAL TOWER INSTRUMENTATION AND DESCRIPTION:
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No data of this type are collected.
FLUX INSTRUMENTATION AND DESCRIPTION: The EDDY-COVARIANCE METHOD was used to obtain the Sensible and Latent Heat flux, and the CO2 flux.
SOIL INSTRUMENTATION AND DESCRIPTION:
RADIOSONDE INSTRUMENTATION AND DESCRIPTION:
no data of this type are collected.
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Web:
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None provided.
Literature:
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None provided.